In most instances, the region attributed to the conflict will be the same region as where the fighting took place. Within the sources on which this chart draws, the region of the conflict has been coded in quite a particular way, relating to the source’s methodology for identifying and distinguishing conflicts. The 2010s were also a period of high battle-deaths, driven by the conflicts in Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan. We see three marked peaks in war deaths since the end of World War II: the Korean War (early 1950s), the Vietnam War (around 1970), and the Iran-Iraq and Afghanistan wars (1980s). The decline of the absolute number of battle deaths can be seen in the first visualization here that shows global battle deaths per year by world region, which pulls together data from two sources: more recent data from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) and older data from the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO). In recent years, the annual death toll tends to be less than 100,000. In some years in the early post-war era, around half a million people died through direct violence in wars. The good news is that, by observing the earth's scientific sustainability principles, we can still enjoy many of the benefits of today's affluent societies without wasting so much energy and money, and we can reduce our harmful environmental impacts.The absolute number of war deaths has been declining since 1946. In these activities, we are wasting huge amounts of energy and relying on environmentally harmful energy resources. There is a great deal of evidence that certain human activities, in violation of these principles, are degrading the earth's life support system. Some scientists argue that by following these principles, we will have a better chance of preserving our species, cultures, and economies than we will if we ignore them. When we rely more on renewable energy sources, most of which depend on energy from the sun, we are following one of nature's three scientific principles of sustainability that have sustained life on the earth for about 3.5 billion years. By shifting during the next several decades to greater use of renewable energy from the sun, wind, flowing water, and geothermal energy stored as heat in the earth's crust, we can greatly reduce these harmful environmental impacts. But our most widely used energy resources-nonrenewable oil, natural gas, coal, and uranium (which fuels nuclear power plants)-have large harmful environmental impacts. The use of any energy resource has an environmental impact. We should also care about the sources of the energy we use. Also, because our use of energy often has harmful effects on the environment, the more energy we waste, the greater is our ecological footprint. Probably every one of us wastes energy in some way: by driving vehicles with a low fuel efficiency (getting less than 40 miles per gallon) living in poorly insulated houses using energy-inefficient lighting and appliances or leaving lights and computers on or motors running when we are not using them. This is why we need to care about using energy more efficiently. So whenever we waste energy, we waste money or resources or both. Every unit of energy we use costs us something, be it money or some other type of resource. This includes all living things, as well as all the cars, houses, factories, lights, and appliances on which we depend.
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